Broadband Wide-Angle Absorber for Microwave Imaging of Tissue
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A broadband wide-angle absorbing structure for the non-reflective termination of tissue is proposed for enclosures needed in microwave tissue imaging. A prototype consisting of 10 × 10 unit cells is fabricated and experimentally tested using breast-tissue phantoms. Through simulations and measurements, it is demonstrated that the proposed absorbing structure achieves a reflection coefficient better than −20 dB for TE polarization and better than −12 dB for TM polarization for incidence angles from 0° to 80° and within the frequency band from 3 GHz to 8 GHz. The design principles are delineated, enabling the development of other absorbing structures suitable for any tissue of interest. A calibration method and procedure are also developed and employed with the reported measurements, which allow for de-embedding the effect of the lossy tissue medium and extracting the intrinsic reflection coefficient of the absorber. The proposed structure demonstrates superior absorption compared to prior designs and provides a much-needed solution for the construction of non-reflective enclosures for microwave biomedical imaging applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".