Effect of short-term exposure to ocean acidification on antioxidant response in the Patagonian scallop <i>Zygochlamys patagonica</i> (P.P. King, 1832) from the Southwest Atlantic Ocean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) can impair antioxidant responses in bivalves altering their capacity to cope with environmental changes. Here, we analyzed the effects of short-term OA exposure on antioxidant responses of an important commercial Patagonian scallop Zygochlamys patagonica (P.P. King, 1832), considering present pH variability at natural beds of scallops and OA conditions. The scallops were exposed at three levels of pH, (1) high pH T = 8.10 (mean annual pH at the sampling site), (2) medium pH T = 7.80 (minimum value of natural variability recorded at scallops’ bed close to the sampling site), and (3) low pH T = 7.50 (0.30 below medium pH value) for 4 and 17 days of experimental time. Oxidative damage and antioxidants were measured in hemolymph, gill, and mantle. Hemolymph did not show signs of oxidative damage thus, antioxidant response induction was not detected under OA exposure. Gills showed antioxidant activation at 4 days under OA which decreased by the end of the experiment, with no signs of oxidative damage. Non-enzymatic antioxidant decreased under OA in the mantle. This study supports previous evidence of bivalves’ capacity to maintain their redox homeostasis under experimental OA conditions and constitutes a cornerstone to continue elucidating this species’ strategies to cope with environmental changes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".