The implications of the ongoing war on Gaza for food sustainability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Gaza Strip, a small and densely populated region in the Middle East, has endured escalating violence since Israel's occupation began in June 1967. The ongoing war has had devastating consequences, severely affecting socioeconomic and environmental aspects, particularly food systems. This work investigates the impact of the ongoing war on food security and food-related sustainable development goals (SDGs) from local, regional, and global perspectives. This review employed a qualitative research approach, specifically a comprehensive analysis of grey literature and official reports, complemented by a thematic synthesis of findings from peer-reviewed articles, to ensure a robust and multi-faceted examination of the topic. The findings reveal that the war and the prolonged blockade have caused acute food insecurity and malnutrition in Gaza due to widespread destruction of infrastructure, including food factories and bakeries, and restrictions on essential supplies like water, fuel, and medical resources. The review highlights the severe food poverty and hunger faced by Gazans while noting the setback to food sustainability and related SDGs. It also underscores the potential for broader regional or global crises, including disruptions to international trade and a worsening food crisis. Key recommendations call for urgent international collaboration to address food poverty, escalating hunger, and the growing risk of famine in Gaza. Efforts must focus on ending the war, restoring access to essential supplies, and implementing sustainable solutions to mitigate the humanitarian crisis. These actions are also critical to addressing broader regional and global implications, including threats to food security and trade stability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".