From camp to quarter: the contention of post-disaster social housing in al-Mankubin, North Lebanon
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The neighbourhood of al-Mankubin was established as an encampment for the displaced of Tripoli, North Lebanon, after a disastrous flood in 1955. This article analyses the history of a lesser-known internal displacement camp in Lebanon and its urban consolidation. In contrast to narratives of Mankubin’s abandonment by the state, this article argues that actors within Lebanon’s fragmented state supported the establishment and growth of the quarter. The issue of squatting on state-owned land is interrogated through an analysis of the flood relief process in the 1950s and the subsequent derailment of the housing project for the flood-displaced. Today, al-Mankubin sits at the intersection of social housing and encampment, perpetuated over seven decades by the absence of land tenure and as a site of convergence for displaced persons and migrants from Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it