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Record W4406932325 · doi:10.29169/1927-5129.2025.21.04

Evaluation of Some Secondary Radio Meteorological Variables for Line-of-Sight Applications over Some Locations in Nigeria

2025· article· en· W4406932325 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Basic & Applied Sciences · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicRadio Wave Propagation Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsLine-of-sightSightLine (geometry)Computer scienceMeteorologyRemote sensingEnvironmental scienceGeographyTelecommunicationsEngineeringMathematicsAerospace engineeringAstronomyPhysics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Reliable data on radio propagation is required to suggest useful models for radio-climatic study. Computation of some secondary radio parameters across ten locations in Nigeria was done to deduce their effects on Line-of-Sight links. ERA-5 data obtained from the archive of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) comprising of surface air and dew temperature, atmospheric pressure and relative humidity covering eight years (January 2010 – December 2017) was utilized. The results show that average radio refractivity values during the wet season (343.4 N-units) was higher than the dry season (273 N-units) and radio refractivity gradient values increase as the wet season progresses. Mean effective earth radius factor (k-factor) for the period of study were 1.38, 1.34, 1.67 and 1.72 for the rainforest, mangrove swamp, Sudan and guinea savannah regions respectively. It was also observed that a distinct relationship exists between the geo-climatic factor (K) and the seasons of the year with a range of 2.2 ×10-5 to 1.0 ×10-4.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.404
Threshold uncertainty score0.342

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.032
GPT teacher head0.301
Teacher spread0.269 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it