Bibliographic record
Abstract
If we step back from nation-state perspectives and take a continental view, what happens to our understanding of people and their movements within, between, and among Canada, the Caribbean, Mexico, and the United States over the last two centuries?How much more do we know about the processes of migration?How does what we previously accepted become revised when we adopt this broader geographic and societal perspective while keeping individual lives in the forefront of analysis?These questions prompted us to develop this volume.The perspective presented here is continental, not continentalist: contributing scholars do not present a brief for some form of North American integration, but seek to place the population movements and historical memory about them both within and beyond national narratives.The goal of the volume is to provide an integrated history of North American migration.We seek to put forward a nuanced understanding of continental trends, countering the continued fragmentation of research along national lines.Scholars from several disciplines discuss the state of the art in the many research fields involved and place contemporary developments in long-term historical context.Contributors delineate the shifting demographics of North America and examine multifaceted movements of population across the continent with regard to changing cultural, political, and economic patterns.Crossing disciplinary boundaries, the volume attends to cultural regions (notably bilingual French-English Québec and the Spanish-English Hispanic-Anglo region) as well as nation states and to diverse populations.Perspectives range from the macro-level, placing North American migrations in global context, to the micro-level, discussing the aspirations and agency of particular groups and individuals.As the subtitle for the volume indicates, we are interested in the various means by which people in the past and present have fashioned cross-border lives, and for whom this fashioning has proved most difficult; in the ways in which shifting labor markets have facilitated or hindered women's
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.481 | 0.304 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".