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Interim estimates of vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) during a delayed influenza season, Canada, 2024/25

2025· article· en· W4407040137 on OpenAlex
Lea Separovic, Yuping Zhan, Samantha E Kaweski, Suzana Sabaiduc, Sara Carazo, Romy Olsha, Richard Mather, James A. Dickinson, Maan Hasso, Isabelle Meunier, Agatha N. Jassem, Nathan Zelyas, Ruimin Gao, Nathalie Bastien, Danuta M. Skowronski

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueEurosurveillance · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicInfluenza Virus Research Studies
Canadian institutionsPublic Health Agency of CanadaAlberta Hospital EdmontonUniversity of CalgaryQueen's UniversityInstitut National de Santé Publique du QuébecUniversity of British ColumbiaPublic Health OntarioBC Centre for Disease Control
FundersCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de QuébecBritish Columbia Centre for Disease ControlInstitut National de Santé Publique du QuébecUniversité Laval
KeywordsInterimVirologyInfluenza A virusInfluenza vaccineMedicineInfluenza seasonHuman influenzaCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Environmental scienceVirusInternal medicineGeographyInfectious disease (medical specialty)Disease

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN) reports interim 2024/25 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against acute respiratory illness due to laboratory-confirmed influenza during a delayed season of predominant A(H1N1)pdm09 and lower A(H3N2) co-circulation. Through mid-January, the risk of outpatient illness due to influenza A is reduced by about half among vaccinated vs unvaccinated individuals. Adjusted VE is 53% (95% CI: 36-65) against A(H1N1)pdm09, comprised of clades 5a.2a and 5a.2a.1, and 54% (95% CI: 29-70) against A(H3N2), virtually all clade 2a.3a.1.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.033
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.025
GPT teacher head0.342
Teacher spread0.317 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it