Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Maleic Anhydride-Based Copolymer Esters by Intermolecular Double-End Esterification with Diols
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Maleic anhydride (MAH) copolymers have a wide range of applications in various fields. However, the difficulty in obtaining high-molecular-weight ( M w ) copolymers through polymerization often limits their potential for application expansion. In this paper, diols were chosen as chain extenders to increase the M w of MAH copolymers through esterification reactions between anhydride and alcohol, achieving the goal of “chain extension”. As the reaction progressed, the double-end esterification content (DEC) increased and the M w showed exponential growth accompanied by an increase in gel content. The effects of various reaction parameters, including the temperature, reaction time, types and amounts of diols, polymer concentration, and M w of raw polymer, on the M w and gel content of the product were investigated systematically. Furthermore, this method can effectively increase the M w of various mixed olefin–MAH copolymers. The experimental results demonstrated that the M w of raw polymers could be increased by up to 70 times (from 18.0 to 1270.8 kg/mol), thereby broadening the polymers’ potential applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".