Bibliographic record
Abstract
The giant muscle protein titin is largely responsible for the passive elasticity of the muscles. The I-band part of titin is elastic, and its constitutive immunoglobulin (Ig) domains undergo force-induced unfolding and refolding when the muscle is stretched toward or beyond the end of the physiological range of sarcomere length. Correct folding of the titin Ig domains is essential to the structure and functions of titin. Although our knowledge of titin elasticity at the molecular level has been largely obtained from single molecule experiments, titin does not exist as an isolated molecule. Instead, six titins are parallelly organized in the muscle sarcomeres. It remains unknown what impact such a parallel organization brings on the folding of titin Ig domains and titin elasticity. Using the two-molecule force spectroscopy technique, here, we report the direct observation of the intermolecular misfolding of titin Ig domains that are arranged in parallel. Our results reveal that when parallelly arranged, two I94 domains can misfold into an intermolecular domain-swapped state that is thermally and mechanically stable. Such intermolecular misfolding may play important structural and functional roles in titin organization and elasticity.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".