Complication rates in cataract surgery before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the cataract surgery (CS) complication rates before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross sectional study. METHODS: Medical records of patients undergoing CS at two surgery centers in Winnipeg from January 2018 to April 2022 were reviewed. The study periods were pre-COVID-19 (January 1, 2018 to March 31, 2020) and COVID-19 (April 1, 2020 to April 30, 2022). Complication rates for endophthalmitis, sulcus-positioned intraocular lens (IOL) implant, anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL) implant, capsular tension ring (CTR) insertion, cumulative dissipated phacoemulsification energy (CDE), posterior capsular rupture (PCR), unplanned anterior vitrectomy, and return to the OR within one month of surgery were compared. RESULTS: 45,559 patients were included. Pre-COVID-19 rates were compared to COVID-19 rates and stated as per 100 cataract surgeries. Endophthalmitis rates increased from 0.008 to 0.028 (RR 0.27, p=0.09). Sulcus IOL implant rates increased from 0.61 to 1.00 (RR 0.61, p<0.0001). ACIOL implant rates increased from 0.53 to 0.68 (RR 0.78, p=0.05). CTR usage rates increased from 0.48 to 0.75 (RR 0.63, p=0.001). Average CDE increased from 4.6 to 6.7 (p=0.0030). PCR rates decreased from 0.49 to 0.38 (RR 1.3, p=0.14). Unplanned anterior vitrectomy rates decreased from 0.43 to 0.36 (RR 1.18, p=0.35). Return to OR rates remained unchanged at 0.59 and 0.58 (RR 1.01, p=0.93). CONCLUSIONS: Our study found significant increases in some CS complication rates when comparing the defined pre-COVID interval to the COVID interval.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".