Core‐Only Calamitic Liquid Crystals: Molecular Design and Optoelectronic Properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thermotropic liquid crystals are typically thought of as requiring a rigid core and flexible side-chains to exhibit liquid crystallinity, but precedent does exist for retaining liquid crystalline nature without these side-chains in highly conjugated, para-substituted aromatic structures, albeit at relatively high temperatures (>300 °C). Hence, this work aims to establish molecular design criteria for promoting liquid crystallinity in heteroaromatic, fully conjugated, core-only calamitic liquid crystals at sufficiently low phase transition temperatures. The synthesis and characterization of an extensive library of calamitic target structures (32) has been accomplished, where primarily enantiotropic smectic A and nematic phases were observed. Comparison of the mesomorphic properties between different cores and with different terminal functional groups was done and rationalization of the observed differences is attempted through single crystal and computational data. These all-aromatic compounds also display strong fluorescence in solution and in the solid-state that extends over most of the visible spectrum and displays quantum yields between 3 % and 95 %.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".