Incidences économiques et défi fiscal du commerce en ligne au Québec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Les consommateurs québécois effectuent de plus en plus d’achats en ligne. Cependant, la majorité des montants sont dépensés sur des sites de l’extérieur (ailleurs au Canada ou à l’étranger). La consommation en ligne récupérée par les détaillants Web locaux étant relativement faible, on observe le remplacement de ventes locales par des importations, ce qui génère des fuites de recettes fiscales. Si l’achat en ligne constitue une tendance lourde, il est néanmoins possible d’en atténuer l’impact sur les finances publiques. En complément des mesures prises par le Québec dans le cadre du Budget 2018-2019, une piste à considérer rapidement est l’application uniforme des taxes de vente sur les importations de biens corporels. L’application uniforme de ces taxes rendrait les importations moins attrayantes qu’elles ne le sont déjà, ce qui répondrait aux questions d’équité soulevées par les commerçants locaux.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".