Gait changes induced by a 6-min walking exercise in individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1: relationship with muscle strength
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is an inherited muscular dystrophy characterized by muscle weakness, myotonia, and balance deficits, contributing to early fatigue and increased risk of fall during walking. This study investigated gait changes due to continuous walking exercise. METHODS: Fourteen individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1 were included (age 42.0 ± 8.8 years, height 1.63 ± 0.10 m, mass 75.2 ± 22.2 kg). Maximal isometric hip and knee strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer. A 3D gait analysis, using a 12-camera optoelectronic system, was performed during a 6-min walking exercise on a quasi-oval track. FINDINGS: A decrease in step length (-3.4 %, P = 0.002), walking speed (-7.1 %, P = 0.002) and cadence (-3.4 %, P = 0.013) was observed following the 6-min walking exercise. Double support time increased (10.0 %, P = 0.032) and maximum base of support width increased (5.7 %, P = 0.023), while center of mass amplitude decreased (-5.3 %, P = 0.048). Hip and knee extensor strength positively correlated with step length at the beginning of the 6-min walking exercise (P = 0.010 and P = 0.022 respectively). INTERPRETATION: This study reveals key gait changes during a 6-min walking exercise in individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1. Spatiotemporal changes highlight the importance of targeted interventions to manage muscle weakness and improve mobility in this population. Future studies should examine these changes over longer periods and in various conditions to better understand gait changes during typical daily activities in individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".