Fatty Acid ABCG Transporter GhSTR1 Mediates Resistance to Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum in Cotton
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt cause significant losses in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production and have a significant economic impact. This study determined the functional role of GhSTR1, a member of the ABCG subfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, that mediates cotton defense responses against various plant pathogens. We identified GhSTR1 as a homolog of STR1 from Medicago truncatula and highlighted its evolutionary conservation and potential role in plant defense mechanisms. Expression profiling revealed that GhSTR1 displays tissue-specific and spatiotemporal dynamics under stress conditions caused by Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum. Functional validation using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed that silencing GhSTR1 improved disease resistance, resulting in milder symptoms, less vascular browning, and reduced fungal growth. Furthermore, the AtSTR1 loss-of-function mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana exhibited similar resistance phenotypes, highlighting the conserved regulatory role of STR1 in pathogen defense. In addition to its role in disease resistance, the mutation of AtSTR1 in Arabidopsis also enhanced the vegetative and reproductive growth of the plant, including increased root length, rosette leaf number, and plant height without compromising drought tolerance. These findings suggest that GhSTR1 mediates a trade-off between defense and growth, offering a potential target for optimizing both traits for crop improvement. This study identifies GhSTR1 as a key regulator of plant–pathogen interactions and growth dynamics, providing a foundation for developing durable strategies to enhance cotton’s resistance and yield under biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".