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Record W4407201718 · doi:10.1016/j.jemep.2025.101058

Bioethical challenges and artificial intelligence, focus Quebec/France

2025· article· en· W4407201718 on OpenAlexaffabout
Olivier Gout, Michel Lacroix

Bibliographic record

VenueEthics Medicine and Public Health · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Ottawa
Fundersnot available
KeywordsBioethicsFocus (optics)Engineering ethicsEnvironmental ethicsPolitical scienceEngineeringPhilosophyLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The authors discuss the potential benefits of AI for the healthcare system. To do this, they consider the importance of ensuring the confidentiality of medical data, maintaining a patient-doctor relationship imbued with humanity, as well as liability remedies specific to stemming the potential abuses of AI. In the healthcare sector, both in France and in Canada, AI is expected to be a tool for transforming and democratising healthcare by improving its quality, safety and effectiveness. We therefore need to analyse the legal framework in place to ensure that these objectives are met. The question is addressed on the basis of a study of the rules through the diversity of their conception, their implementation by the courts (case law) and their analysis by the authors making up the doctrine. The authors discuss the potential benefits of AI for the healthcare system. To do this, they consider the importance of ensuring the confidentiality of medical data, maintaining a patient-doctor relationship imbued with humanity, as well as liability remedies specific to stemming the potential abuses of AI. While the regulations applicable to AI are considered to be relevant and appropriate for taking account of the various issues, particularly in terms of privacy and liability, it will be necessary to remain attentive to their implementation in order to ensure that the objectives are effectively achieved.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Commentary · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.873
Threshold uncertainty score0.989

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0050.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.515
GPT teacher head0.523
Teacher spread0.008 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designOther design
Domainnot available
GenreCommentary

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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