Mechanical properties and stress equation of steel pipe with circular corrosion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Underground pipelines are the lifeline of the city. Steel pipes are widely used in water supply engineering, the wall thickness of the pipe will reduce due to corrosion and other reasons, resulting in a decrease in the bearing capacity. To clarify the mechanical properties of the pipe under the case of circular corrosion, a three-dimensional finite element model is established using ABAQUS, the influence of the mesh size on the convergence of the results is analyzed, and the finite element results were checked and evaluated using the analytical solution. Afterward, the effects of parameters such as corrosion diameter, corrosion depth, pipe diameter, and internal pressure on the maximum stress and displacement are studied. At last, based on 420 sets of data, the prediction equation of the pipe maximum stress is obtained. The results show that the finite element results are in good agreement with the analytical results, and the radial displacement of the corroded area is large. In corrosive areas, there are significant differences in stress at different locations. The radial displacement of the corroded area is significant, and the uncorroded area is almost unaffected. This study can provide a reference for the evaluation of the service performance of corroded steel pipes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".