Black Flag, Minor Threat, and the Revival of Traditional Values in American Hardcore Punk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the aftermath of the economic, political, and social turmoil of the 1960s and early 1970s, American society was dominated, according to Christopher Lasch, by disillusionment, fatigue, and anxiety, leading to an obsession with living in the moment. Moreover, traditional Protestant values such as work ethic, sobriety, self-discipline, and delayed gratification were replaced by the search for instant satisfaction and for pleasure that could be had “right now”—a new, “radical” individualism. American hardcore punk emerged in suburban middle-class residential areas that epitomized the era’s conformity, while its diy ethos was justified and stimulated by this radical individualism, allowing adherents to withdraw from social and political issues and concentrate on their day-to-day personal activities. More interestingly, in their attitude and praxis, hardcore punk micro-entrepreneurs revived a significant part of the older American heritage values, most of which the 1960’s counterculture had scorned.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.025 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".