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Record W4407347162 · doi:10.1002/eqe.4323

Analytical Study on the Predictability of Controlled Rocking Frame and Podium Systems

2025· article· en· W4407347162 on OpenAlex
M Al-Zaheri Zaki, Chiyun Zhong, Constantin Christopoulos

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueEarthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicSeismic Performance and Analysis
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPredictabilityLimitingPerturbation (astronomy)Structural engineeringStiffnessControl theory (sociology)EngineeringComputer scienceMathematicsMechanical engineeringPhysicsStatisticsControl (management)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

ABSTRACT While rocking systems are increasingly researched and developed as a promising approach to achieving seismic resilience, several studies have identified the unpredictability of their dynamic response as an obstacle to their wider adoption. Despite a significant body of literature which has identified and studied the chaotic behaviour of unenhanced rocking frames, other studies have shown that practical applications of controlled rocking systems demonstrate a more predictable response that is similar to that of more conventional yielding systems. This paper examines the differences between these two bodies of work and identifies parameters shown to improve rocking predictability. Subsequently, a perturbation study conducted on a controlled rocking podium system subjected to historic ground motions is employed to study the influence of each parameter on the predictability of such systems. The results reveal that adding supplemental damping, increasing the contribution of the superstructure properties on the rocking system behaviour and limiting the rocking rotation effectively reduce the sensitivity of rocking systems to perturbations in the rocking parameters. In addition, adding auxiliary stiffness was found to be a viable method to improve the stability of these systems but did not significantly enhance predictability.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.333
Threshold uncertainty score0.606

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.204
Teacher spread0.200 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it