Fossil specimens of the autotrophic protist Mallomonas asmundiae bearing cysts and attached scales from an Eocene locality
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mallomonas is a species-rich genus within the chrysophycean order Synurales that originated in the lower Cretaceous, and today is a common constituent of planktic communities in a wide array of aquatic environments. Mallomonas cells are motile unicells with a cell covering consisting of siliceous scales and bristles, and the organisms also produce siliceous cysts as part of their life cycle. Because scales and cysts have species-specific designs, their remains in sediments and fossil localities are commonly used to infer past habitat conditions. Since mature cysts are rarely found with the diagnostic scales, the vast majority of cyst morphotypes have not been linked to specific species. Numerous scales with a morphology matching the modern species M. asmundiae were uncovered in an Eocene fossil locality near the Arctic Circle in northern Canada. Many of the scales were still attached to the cysts in their original arrangements. These unique specimens effectively linked the scales to a specific cyst type, and were further used to examine scale variability and the cell covering of this 48 Ma old synurophyte. Although scale structure was found to be variable compared to its modern congener, the arrangement of scales within the cell covering was highly conserved.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".