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Record W4407392258 · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08561-z

The bulk motion of gas in the core of the Centaurus galaxy cluster

2025· article· en· W4407392258 on OpenAlexafffund
M. Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Ralf Ballhausen, Aya Bamba, Ehud Behar, Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin, Laura Brenneman, G. V. Brown, Lía Corrales, Renata Cumbee, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, D. Eckert, Teruaki Enoto, S. Eguchi, Yuichiro Ezoe, Adam Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yutaka Fujita, Y. Fukazawa, Kotaro Fukushima, Akihiro Furuzawa, Luigi Gallo, Javier A. García, Liyi Gu, M. Guainazzi, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Natalie Hell, Edmund Hodges‐Kluck, A. E. Hornschemeier, Yuto Ichinohe, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, J. S. Kaastra, T. R. Kallman, Erin Kara, Satoru Katsuda, Yoshiaki Kanemaru, Richard L. Kelley, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Shunji Kitamoto, Shōgo Kobayashi, Takayoshi Kohmura, Aya Kubota, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Michael Loewenstein, Yoshitomo Maeda, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, D. McCammon, B. R. McNamara, François Mernier, Eric D. Miller, J. M. Mïller, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Misaki Mizumoto, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Koji Mori, K. Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, R. F. Mushotzky, Hiroshi Nakajima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Jan‐Uwe Ness, Kumiko Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Shoji Ogawa, Anna Ogorzałek, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, S. Paltani, Robert Petre, Paul Plucinsky, F. S. Porter, K. Pottschmidt, Kosuke Sato, Toshiki Sato, Makoto Sawada, Hiromi Seta, M. Shidatsu, A. Simionescu, Randall K. Smith, Hiromasa Suzuki, Andrew Szymkowiak, H. Takahashi, Mai Takeo, Toru Tamagawa, Keisuke Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, A. Tanimoto, M. Tashiro, Y. Terada, Yuichi Terashima, María Díaz Trigo, Y. Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takeshi Go Tsuru, Hiroyuki Uchida, Nagomi Uchida, Yuusuke Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shinichiro Uno, Jacco Vink, Shin Watanabe, Brian J. Williams, Satoshi Yamada, S. Yamada, Hiroya Yamaguchi, K. Yamaoka, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, M. Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, T. Yoneyama, Tessei Yoshida, Mihoko Yukita, Irina Zhuravleva, Marie Kondo, Norbert Werner, Tomáš Plšek, Ming Sun, K. Hosogi, Anwesh Majumder

Bibliographic record

VenueNature · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Canadian institutionsUniversity of WaterlooSaint Mary's University
FundersLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryScience and Technology Facilities CouncilGoddard Space Flight CenterU.S. Department of EnergyKagoshima UniversityCanadian Space AgencyNuclear Safety and Security CommissionAlfred P. Sloan FoundationJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceRikkyo UniversityRIKENNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Science Foundation
KeywordsPhysicsCooling flowAstrophysicsIntracluster mediumGalaxy clusterCentaurus ABrightest cluster galaxyActive galactic nucleusVelocity dispersionAstronomyGalaxyCluster (spacecraft)Radiative coolingRadio galaxyType-cD galaxy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.

No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.031
Threshold uncertainty score0.062

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.223
Teacher spread0.219 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations31
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractno

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