Origin and Key Enrichment Factors of Helium Resource in the Lower Yangtze Region, Eastern China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Helium is a critical, scarce, and strategic resource, often found in association with natural gas. This study reports the first discovery of overpressured helium-rich natural gas in the Lower Yangtze Region of Eastern China, with helium concentrations reaching as high as 4.5%, significantly surpassing the commercial extraction threshold of 0.1%. Comprehensive geochemical analyses, including helium isotopes ratios, carbon isotope compositions of CH 4 and CO 2, and gas compositional data, indicate that the helium in this region is predominantly crustal in origin. This finding contrasts with the mantle-derived helium commonly observed in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic lacustrine rift basins of Eastern China. These results suggest that helium exploration in Eastern China should account for both crustal and mantle-derived sources, challenging previous assumptions that focused primarily on mantle-originated helium. Key geological factors contributing to the observed helium enrichment include: (1) the presence of an ancient Proterozoic granite basement as the primary helium source rock; (2) large and deep fault systems acting as vertical migration pathways; (3) thick gypsum layers functioning as effective caprock seals; and (4) the simple stratigraphic architecture of the central transition belt, which provides favorable conditions for large-scale gas accumulation and preservation. These findings suggest that the central transition belt of the Lower Yangtze Region has significant potential for helium resource development. Future research will prioritize helium reserve estimation and the evaluation of economic extraction feasibility within this area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".