First steps towards implementing Universal Design for Learning to support equitable assessments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) promotes inclusion of a diverse set of student learning needs and is beneficial for improving student learning outcomes regardless of physical or neurological ability. Yet instructors may ask themselves, “Where do I start?” in terms of implementing UDL strategies in their courses. A review of relevant literature for the application of UDL strategies for assessments in post- secondary mathematical and statistical education is provided. A list of nine basic changes made by instructors to improve the accessibility and inclusivity of assessments in their courses is offered. Such changes are intended to provide immediate impact with relatively low effort aimed towards instructors with minimal UDL experience. Two case studies focusing on the implementation of UDL strategies for assessments in statistics courses are included for reference. This paper serves as an introduction into the realm of UDL and, more specifically, UDL practices for assessments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.082 | 0.102 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".