Recalibrating regional integration in a fractured world: CUSMA and regional competitiveness
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter focuses on the positioning and restructuring of North America based on the impacts of CUSMA (Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement), which is one element of a multifaceted strategy to recalibrate the North American economic regional model within the world economic system. It identifies changes in regional dynamics since the entry into force of CUSMA and analyzes the new brand of regionalism in North America. It examines the changing North American regionalism model by looking at 1) the significance of CUSMA in the context of changes in the world system, 2) the new importance of regional value/supply chains and industrial policies, and 3) the impacts of CUSMA and industrial policies on North American trade. Overall, it argues that CUSMA is a recalibrating strategy for the region to regain competitiveness in a multipolar world economy as well as a recalibrating act in North America. As such, it carries multiple new dimensions and could backfire if protectionism and rivalries escalate. We will conclude with three possible scenarios.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".