Mating system analysis of in situ and ex situ conserved Spanish argan [Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels] genotypes by using SSR markers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The argan tree [ Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels] is a multipurpose species endemic of Morocco. It has been mainly characterized as a self-incompatible (SI) species. Argan trees have been also identified in the Region of Murcia, located in Southeaster Spain, where they are in some cases currently yielding viable fruits and seeds in an isolated environment. This study investigates the self-compatibility (SC) of these Spanish argan genotypes. This was done through in situ research and characterization of isolated argan trees in open pollination settings. Additionally, the seedlings from these trees were characterized using (Simple Sequence Repeat) SSR markers. In addition, the ex situ study of the collection of Spanish argan genotypes from the CEBAS-CSIC (Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura—Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) in Murcia, have also been characterized in open pollination conditions and by bagging argan genotypes to evaluate fruit set in absence of pollinator also analysing the obtained seedlings by SSRs. As expected, in the analysis of in situ conserved argan genotypes, the isolated trees showed a suitable flowering intensity during the two years evaluated. While the Spanish argan genotypes isolated from ‘Cartagena’ and ‘Mazarrón’ showed fruits, the genotypes from ‘Molina de Segura’ and ‘Ojos’ showed a null fruit set in both years. In the case of bagging of these ex situ conserved genotypes, results showed that in the absence of natural pollinators of argan (especially flies), a certain level of fruiting is observed in bagged branches in some specimens. First analysis of seedlings through SSR markers showed that self-fertilization is possible in some argan genotypes and that fruits are obtained without pollen from other genotypes. If self-compatibility genotypes through pollinic tube analysis are confirmed in Spain or Morocco, they are very useful for basic research in breeding programmes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".