Fully Planar Endfire Circularly Polarized Antenna of Substrate Integrated Waveguide Loaded With Planar Bending Dipole
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper proposes a fully planar endfire circularly polarized (CP) antenna on a single‐layer substrate, consisting of a substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) loaded with a bending dipole. The SIW horn, which can be directly integrated with RF circuits, could generate high‐gain vertically polarized (VP) radiation. The novel bending dipole is actually a traveling‐wave helical dipole radiator and could generate high‐gain horizontally polarized (HP) radiation. The bending dipole is fed by the SIW horn with a tapered parallel stripline. The mechanism and design method of the proposed antenna is presented, and its experimental prototype has been designed and measured. The measured impedance bandwidth of −10 dB covers a bandwidth of 2.4 GHz from 25.3 to 27.7 GHz, the 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is 2.4 GHz from 24.9 to 27.3 GHz, and the effective bandwidth is from 25.3 to 27.3 GHz. The measured CP gain is over 7.3 dBic and the peak gain is 9.1 dBic in the effective bandwidth. The high gain planar endfire CP antenna has a compact size of only 3.06 λ 0 *1.2 λ 0 *0.13 λ 0 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".