Hydrogen Sulfide Adsorption Regulation on Indium Oxide Nanosheets via Defect Engineering for Meat Spoilage Detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The limited sensitivity of indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ) gas-sensing materials for detection of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) restricts their application in identifying meat spoilage. In this study, two-dimensional indium oxide nanosheets (In 2 O 3 -NS) with intrinsic defects were synthesized using an “egg-box” structure, which was formed by the interaction between sodium alginate and metal cations, combined with an ice-templating method and annealing process. The resulting In 2 O 3 -NS sensor demonstrated a response of 950 to 5 ppm of H 2 S at its optimal operating temperature of 175 °C, with a detection limit as low as 100 ppb. Structural characterization and density functional theory calculations revealed that intrinsic defects in the In 2 O 3 -NS structure optimize the electron density distribution, providing additional adsorption sites for H 2 S and significantly enhancing gas sensitivity. Furthermore, a system utilizing In 2 O 3 -NS sensors was developed to evaluate meat freshness by detecting H 2 S emissions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".