Excessive Hypercholesterolemia in Pregnancy Impairs Later‐Life Maternal Vascular Function in Rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a risk factor for the development of later-life cardiovascular disease. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Excessive hypercholesteremia in pregnancy induces a preeclampsia-like phenotype, but whether this also impacts maternal vascular function later in life has not been fully characterized. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sprague Dawley rats received a control diet (CD) or a high-cholesterol (HCD) diet from gestational day 6 to 20, after which maternal vascular function was assessed 3 months postpartum. Exposure to an HCD in pregnancy reduced later-life endothelium-dependent vasodilation in carotid arteries (-15.24±3.27%), which was mediated via prostaglandin H synthase 2. There were no differences in vasodilation between CD and HCD postpartum rats in the mesenteric arteries, coronary arteries, or aortas. Vasoconstriction to phenylephrine increased in carotid arteries (61.02±21.48%) and reduced in aortas (-23.24±6.19%) of the HCD postpartum group versus CD dams, without differences in mesenteric and coronary arteries. The increased vasoconstriction in carotid arteries was due to lower nitric oxide modulation of constriction. Moreover, carotid artery myogenic response was reduced (-37.68±10.07%) and stiffness was increased (19.67±6.21%) in the HCD postpartum rats compared with CD along with decreased elastin density (-20.85±4.52%). The impact of the HCD on vascular function did not occur in age-matched never-pregnant female rats. CONCLUSIONS: excessive hypercholesterolemia provides avenues for targeted intervention strategies to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in women who had a complicated pregnancy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".