Effect of loading rate on the undrained bearing capacity of nonassociated clay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The soil behavior is rate-dependent as observed in the laboratory and field tests, and the undrained shear strength of clay is shown to increase with the strain rate in different shear modes. In practical situations, the foundations can be loaded at various time and rate scales, which will result in a wide range of magnitudes and inhomogeneous distribution of strain rates in the surrounding soil. This may cause difficulties in calculating the undrained bearing capacity of clay using the undrained shear strength from standard laboratory and field tests at a reference strain rate. In addition, the rate-dependent soil behavior will also affect the interpretation of in situ tests conducted at different loading rates (e.g., CPT, T-Bar, and pressuremeter tests) using procedures based on rate-independent soil models. This paper investigates the effect of loading rate on the undrained bearing capacity of clay using finite element analyses and a rate-dependent constitutive model, the MIT-SR, based on two classical problems in soil mechanics (i.e., the deeply-embedded rigid pile/pipe section, and the rigid strip footing). Computed results suggest that the undrained bearing capacity of clay is strongly affected by the loading rate of foundations, which is consistent with the model and field tests. It also highlights the difficulty to select appropriate undrained shear strength used for practical design, and the uncertainty to interpret field tests using bearing capacity factors derived from analytical solutions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".