Jacques Roger, Ernst Mayr et l’histoire de la théorie de l’évolution. Science et idéologie dans les sciences biologiques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spécialiste de l’histoire de la pensée biologique au xviiie siècle, c’est au transformisme et en particulier à l’œuvre de Darwin, à sa réception et à ses prolongements théoriques récents que l’historien Jacques Roger (1920-1990) se consacre du début des années 1970 jusqu’à son décès. Comment rendre compte de ce tournant vers l’histoire de la théorie de l’évolution et de la biologie du xxe siècle ? Selon l’hypothèse envisagée ici, ce sont les rencontres de Roger avec les historiens et les biologistes anglo-saxons, et notamment avec Ernst Mayr, qui ont façonné son intérêt envers l’histoire de la théorie de l’évolution, dont il refusait de séparer les dimensions scientifique et socioculturelle. Plus fondamentalement, comme le révèle un manuscrit inédit récemment retrouvé, si Roger s’intéressa à la théorie darwinienne de l’évolution, c’est aussi parce qu’elle soulève à nouveaux frais des enjeux importants liés à la question de « l’homme ».
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".