Evaluation of nonmotor symptoms in myasthenia gravis patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background/aim: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is chronic autoimmune disorder characterized primarily by muscle weakness and fatigue, due to autoantibodies targeting acetylcholine receptor at neuromuscular junction. Herein, it was aimed to evaluate nonmotor symptoms in MG patients and compare them with disease duration, severity, and clinical features. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted with two groups: 35 MG patients and 35 healthy volunteers. The patient group comprised 17 females and 18 males with a mean age of 52.9 ± 13.6 years. The control group comprised 23 females and 12 males with a mean age of 46.9 ± 12.2 years. The Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America clinical classification and Myasthenia Gravis Composite and Turkish version of the Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life 15 scales were applied to the patient group. To assess nonmotor functions, questionnaires evaluating the symptoms of headache, pain, depression, anxiety, sleep, physical activity, cognition, smell, and taste were applied to both the patient and control groups. Results: The results revealed prevalent and diverse nonmotor symptoms in the MG group. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score and degree of olfactory function in cinnamon was statistically significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the patient group than in the control group. The degree of impairment on the MoCA, headache rate, Beck depression score, depression rate, Beck anxiety score, anxiety rate, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, and poor sleep quality rate were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the patient group than in the control group. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of recognizing and managing nonmotor symptoms in MG patients, advocating for a multidisciplinary approach to care that addresses both motor and nonmotor manifestations. By expanding our understanding of the systemic impact of MG and exploring new treatment modalities, we can improve the lives of those living with this complex autoimmune disorder. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these nonmotor manifestations, which will be pivotal in developing more targeted and effective therapeutic strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".