Identification of seminal fluid proteins and reproductive function of trypsin-1 in male Plutella xylostella
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Insect seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) are primary factors affecting physiology and behavior in both sexes, making them valuable targets for pest control. However, SFPs have not been fully characterized in the Plutella xylostella , a global pest that attacks cruciferous crops. Here, 75 putative SFPs were identified in P. xylostella , compared to 10 orthologs in Drosophila melanogaster , 10 in Nilaparvata lugens , 5 in Apis mellifera , and 43 in Heliconius melpomene. Analyses of K a / K s suggested that SFPs had high evolution rates. Proteases (22/75, 29.3 %) accounted for the highest proportion of P. xylostella SFPs, including 16 trypsins. The phylogenetic analysis showed that most trypsins from P. xylostella and H. melpomene belonged to the same cluster. SFP04 (trypsin-1) was orthologous to the SFP ADJ58550.1 in H. melpomene . Px Try1 was specifically expressed in adult males and their accessory glands but was also detected in females after mating. A CRISPR/Cas9-induced PxTry1 homozygous mutant strain with a 22-base pair nucleotides insertion was generated. PxTry1 deletion resulted in swollen testes, smaller spermatophores, and abnormal sperm, thus reducing the P. xylostella egg production and hatching. These results clarify the role of insect SFPs in evolution and reproduction and identify a promising target for pest control based on genetic regulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".