Terahertz fiber devices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The transmission line is one of the most fundamental components for the implementation of electromagnetic systems, such as electric cables and optical fibers for microwave and optic applications, respectively. The terahertz band, sandwiched between those two well-developed spectra, is not an exception. To meet such essential demand, low-loss, flexible, wideband terahertz fibers and corresponding functional devices have witnessed a blooming interest in the past two decades, being considered as a promising candidate for building compact, robust terahertz systems thus advancing the practicality and commercialization of terahertz science and technology. In this tutorial, we will provide a concise introduction to the fundamental characteristic parameters and prevalent hosting materials of terahertz fibers. Subsequently, we will look backward over the developments of terahertz hollow-core and solid-core fibers, as well as fiber-based terahertz functional devices for communication, sensing, spectroscopy, and imaging applications. Moreover, we will discuss several remaining challenges hampering the practical utilizations of terahertz fiber devices and propose some potential solutions to current major bottlenecks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".