Comparative study of a new semi-empirical model of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell for online prognostics applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The prognostic of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a current topic of research. Consequently, the complexity of its degradation mechanisms has led to the development of semi-empirical models to improve predictive analysis. The accurate estimation of parameters for these models is a challenging task due to their multivariate, nonlinear, and complex characteristics. This work proposes a new semi-empirical model of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and compares it with a widely used model in the literature. Unlike other similar studies, this comparison not only focuses on minimizing the sum of squared errors in relation to the experimental data but also evaluates the variation in the solution set and the computational effort involved. For both models, the unknown parameters are estimated using the recent Pelican Optimization Algorithm. Four datasets are used to evaluate the development of the proposed model and the selected benchmark model. The first three datasets are open-access and well-recognized in academic literature, whereas the fourth dataset was obtained from a developed experimental test bench. The results show that the proposed model achieves high accuracy, with a mean absolute percentage error lower than 0.89% and the sum of squared errors below 0.9272 for all the studied scenarios. This model reduces parameter variation and decreases the relative standard deviation by over 12.7% compared to the utilized benchmark model for the first three datasets. Hence, the proposed model not only improves the precision of the estimated parameters without a notable increase in error but also reduces the computational load by at least 21.7% across all case studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".