Evaluation of a quadwave curing light compared to a dual-peak LED curing light
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine if the PinkWave (PW) light-curing unit (LCU) that emits red and infrared (IR) light as well as violet and blue light improves the depth of cure and degree of conversion (DC) of resin-based composites (RBCs). METHODS: The DC of RBCs at various distances was calculated from data collected at a rate of 13 Hz using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. To assess the contributions of the different wavelengths of light, optical filters were used to block the red and IR light from the PW. The depth of cure was also evaluated by photocuring RBC samples in both metal and plastic molds for 20 s at a 0 mm distance. The length of resin remaining was then measured and divided by 2. Starting from a baseline of 32 °C, the temperature rise during photocuring was measured in the plastic and metal rings reproducing the conditions used to measure the depth of cure and the DC respectively. RESULTS: In general, the PW produced greater depth of cure, however the use of metal molds greatly reduced this effect because the temperature increase was reduced. Increasing the distance by up to 4 mm from the light tip produced a significant increase in the DC for the RBCs photocured with the PW, but not for the G4. The wavelength of the blue peak (peaking at 473 nm) from the PW was longer compared to the control LCU (peaking at 448 nm). This 25 nm difference negatively affected the photocuring efficiency of some resins. SIGNIFICANCE: The internal optics and the additional red and IR wavelengths from the PW significantly increased the temperature in the RBCs and increased both depth of cure and the DC.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it