Bibliographic record
Abstract
The author uses Canadian public-sector union contracts from a 30-year period to study the factors influencing wage setting. He also undertakes complementary analyses of contract duration and the use of Cost-of-Living Adjustment (COLA) clauses to examine how variables capturing uncertainty and contracting costs affect contract length and the use of indexing provisions. Findings show that inflation expectations, unemployment rates, wage growth, and COLA clauses are associated with fairly large effects on wage settlements that are much more prominent during the period prior to the Bank of Canada adopting an inflation target (i.e., before 1991). They also indicate that variables capturing inflation uncertainty and contracting costs do not have a large effect on contract duration, but contracting costs do have a larger effect on the use of indexing provisions. Results suggest that indexing provisions are an important inflation coping mechanism for both wage settlements and contract duration, with bargaining pairs willing to trade off smaller base wage changes and longer contracts for them.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".