Exploring collegiate athletes’ perceived control beliefs involving sport setback experiences during COVID-19
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Interpretive phenomenological analysis was employed to examine collegiate athletes’ own thoughts about coping with setbacks during COVID-19, which allowed the researchers to create themes that reflected their experience. Using semi-structured interviews, 8 Canadian collegiate athletes (5 women, 3 men) shared personal accounts of sport setbacks, control beliefs for coping, and strategies to manage setbacks. Two overall themes were (a) Complex Consequences of Setbacks and (b) Coping with Setbacks. The subthemes for Complex Consequences of Setbacks comprised emotional complexity and loss of opportunity from COVID-19. For coping with setbacks, four subthemes were identified: benefits of secondary control, functional and dysfunctional primary control, original goal pursuit via alternate routes, and finding social support. Our findings convey the effectiveness and potential harm if engaging certain control beliefs when encountering sport setbacks, and the added impact of COVID-19 on collegiate athletes’ experiences.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".