Conflict and Compromise: Abortion Law Reform in Britain, Canada, and Spain, 1960s–1980s
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Between the 1960s and 1980s, a wave of abortion law reforms swept through various Western nations. The reforms aimed to clarify extant laws, protect doctors from criminal prosecution, and curtail the toll of backstreet abortions on women's bodies and lives. They emerged out of a series of conflicts and compromises evident in the design and implementation of new abortion laws which, on the one hand, expanded the parameters for legal abortion, but on the other, criminalised abortions that did not fall within them. Despite divergent historical, political, and medical contexts, a transnational comparative analysis of abortion law reform efforts in Britain, Canada, and Spain in this period highlights the conflicts and compromises each experienced, the similarities and dissimilarities in legislation, and the impact of that legislation on medical professionals, abortion providers, and women seeking legal abortion services.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".