Experimental investigation of integrated systems for biohydrogen and biomethane production: Effects of thermal parameters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
• A novel dual system integrating microbial electrolysis and anaerobic digestion is developed and tested • A maximum bioH 2 production reaches 722 mg/L in 9 min at pH 6 and 40 °C. • The system is able to operate in two different modes: continuous and batch operation. • The batch mode produces 830.9 mL bioH 2 and 720 mL bioCH 4 within 24 h. • A continuous operation increases bioH 2 and biomethane production by 53% and 5%, respectively. This study introduces two novel systems for simultaneous biohydrogen and biomethane production. System 1 is made up of a single chamber membraneless microbial electrolysis cell. System 2 combines a membraneless microbial electrolysis cell with an anaerobic digestion system to make more biomethane and biohydrogen. Unlike conventional systems, these configurations eliminate membrane related challenges such as fouling, high costs, and internal resistance losses, thereby improving efficiency and scalability. Both systems operate at 1.0 V using some low-cost aluminum electrodes and utilize cow manure and poplar leaves, rarely explored biomass sources. System 1 investigates pH and temperature effects on biohydrogen production, while System 2 examines batch and continuous flow modes. The highest biohydrogen production occurred at pH 6 and 40 °C, reaching 722 mg/L in 9 min, with a maximum hydrogen efficiency of 82.4 %. Batch operation yielded 830.9 mL biohydrogen and 720 mL biomethane, increasing to 843.3 mL and 760 mL, respectively, in continuous mode, with 53 % and 5 % production enhancements. This study provides a pioneering framework for integrating membraneless microbial electrolysis cells and anaerobic digestion systems, demonstrating a cost-effective, scalable, and sustainable approach to biofuel production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".