Innovative multiphase composites of transition metal oxides for long-term stability and high energy density in storage devices
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development of an optimal material that facilitates multiple redox reactions is crucial for advancing energy storage devices. In the present study, we focused on preparing such a material, through an easy and cost-effective method, to achieve enhanced charge storage ability with large power. Multiphase composites based on Mn, Ce, Co, and Ni oxides were prepared via solution combustion synthesis (SCS) for supercapacitor electrode applications. Three composites Mn-O/CeO 2 (N1), Ni-O/Co 3 O 4 (N2), and Mn-O/CeO 2 /Ni-O/Co 3 O 4 (N3), all in equal ratios, were prepared after sintering at 700 °C for 3 h in open air. Preliminary characterizations, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were performed to investigate the structural, optical, and morphological properties of the three distinct composites. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of various phases such as CeO 2 , Mn 2 O 3 , Co 51 3 O 4 , NiO, Ni 2 O 3 , and Mn 5 O 8 in the different composites, significantly influencing their physical and electrochemical behavior. With three-electrode assembly, - electroanalytical tools such as - cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were utilized to divulge electrochemical properties which confirmed pseudocapacitive behavior in the synthesized electrode composites. The specific capacitance of 59.3 F/g, 91.67 F/g, and 23.14 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g were recorded for N1, N2, and N3 respectively. Having tempting results of N2 cathode, it was fabricated against activated carbon (AC) anode to form a hybrid supercapacitor device which demonstrated a specific capacitance of 78.25 F/g, a specific energy of 24.45 Wh/kg, and a large specific power of 1086.80 W/kg at 1 A/g current density, with a coulombic efficiency of 106.5% over 1000 GCD cycles. • Synthesized Mn-O, CeO 2 , Co 3 O 4 , and NiO composites using a rapid, scalable solution combustion method for energy storage. • Achieved outstanding electrochemical performance with Ni-O/Co 3 O 4 , delivering 91.67 F/g and stability over 1000 cycles. • Demonstrated a hybrid faradaic-capacitive mechanism, achieving 24.45 Wh/kg energy density with high power output. • Optimized structural and electrochemical properties for multifunctional next-generation supercapacitors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".