Trends in Distribution and Case Fatality Rates of Cardiovascular Disease in West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital for 2014-2022
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death, which affects 17.9 million people every year. This study aimed to determine trends in CVD distribution and case fatality rate (CFR) at the West Nusa Tenggara Province General Hospital, the major referral hospital in West Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia Methods: This study was descriptive with a retrospective approach using medical records of patients with CVD at the West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2022. Consecutive sampling was performed. Data based on diagnosis, patient age, gender, and case fatality rates were analyzed descriptively and expressed in frequency and percentage distribution. Results: Of the 11,742 patients included, more than half of the patients (58.92%) were male. In this study, the most common CVD was ischemic heart disease (IHD) (44.23%, n=5,194), followed by patients with hypertension (24.55%, n=2,883), and heart failure (19.30%, n=2,265) which were dominated by males, 68.34%, 57.25%, and 50.53%, respectively. Females were lower in those CVD due to estrogen hormone which has role as cardio protector that maintains the elasticity of blood vessels and prevents atherosclerosis. Meanwhile, mitral valve disease is the fourth most common CVD, approximately 6.69%, followed by atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter at 5.97%, which were dominated by females, 57.78% and 54.17%, respectively. Our data showed that the highest CFR was in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, which was 17.5% in 2022. Conclusion. IHD is the most commonly found in the majority of patients with CVD. The highest case fatality rate is in atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. CVD prevalence, or CFR, is essential to focus on treatment and prevention strategies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".