Disconnection Methods in the Surgical Treatment of Epilepsy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Disconnection procedures in epilepsy surgery have become an important tool for the management of multifocal drug-resistant epilepsy. In this chapter, we will review their indications, describe the technical procedures, and review outcome data in the literature. Among the curative approaches, anterior quadrant disconnection, posterior quadrant (PQ) disconnection, and functional hemispherectomy can be performed for patients whose epileptic focus resides in one hemisphere or one quadrant. Seizure freedom rates from these procedures range from 50 to 81% for anterior quadrant disconnections, 50 to 92% for PQ disconnections, and 43 to 93% for hemispherectomy. Although typically performed in the pediatric population, data suggest that carefully selected adult patients could also benefit from a disconnection procedure. Of the palliative approaches, corpus callosotomy has been shown to be effective for drop attacks, resulting in significant improvement in seizure frequency, severity, and quality of life. Minimally invasive alternatives to standard open corpus callosotomies with laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) have been proposed. Overall, surgical disconnection procedures are an effective way of treating multifocal epilepsy, with good outcomes that can improve the quality of life for these patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".