Association of abdominal aortic calcification with cognitive impairment in peritoneal dialysis patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) frequently have cognitive impairment, which is linked to a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) may have an impact on PD patients' cognitive function. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 110 PD patients, cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and AAC severity was quantified via lateral lumbar radiography (Kauppila method). Participants were stratified by AAC severity into high (HAAC; score ≥ 4) and low (LAAC; score < 4) groups. RESULTS: Cognitive impairment (MoCA < 26) was present in 65.45% of patients. The HAAC group (71.8% of cohort) exhibited distinct metabolic profiles compared to LAAC: older age (63.2 ± 9.8 vs. 47.4 ± 12.1 years, P < 0.001), higher diabetes prevalence (68.4% vs. 22.6%, P < 0.001), elevated serum phosphorus (1.62 ± 0.45 vs. 1.30 ± 0.42 mmol/L, P < 0.001), and lower diastolic blood pressure (79.2 ± 10.8 vs. 86.6 ± 13.4 mmHg, P = 0.005). Notably, HAAC patients had reduced serum creatinine (898.4 ± 251.9 vs. 1190.7 ± 243.5 µmol/L, P < 0.001) and iPTH levels (142.5 vs. 218.0 pg/mL, P = 0.011), suggesting concurrent mineral bone disorder. Multivariate analysis identified AAC severity (OR = 1.28 per 1-point increase, 95%CI = 1.09-1.50) and age (OR = 1.12/year, 95%CI = 1.06-1.19) as independent predictors of cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: AAC severity demonstrates a strong, dose-dependent association with cognitive dysfunction in PD patients, independent of traditional risk factors. The combination of elevated phosphorus and suppressed iPTH in high-AAC patients highlights the potential role of mineral metabolism dysregulation in both vascular calcification and neurocognitive decline.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".