Anthropological, Palaeopathological, and Stable Isotope Analyses of the Early Medieval Population of Corte Romana (Cividale, NE Italy) During the Period of Langobard Rule (6th–7th centuries <scp>ad</scp>)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study examines the Early Medieval local population of Corte Romana (Cividale del Friuli, NE Italy) during the period of Langobard rule of the territory (6th–7th centuries ad). We conducted anthropological and palaeopathological analyses of 54 individuals from Corte Romana, including 38 subadults and 16 adults. Stable isotope analyses (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S) were performed on 52 of these individuals to investigate their dietary patterns and mobility. Palaeopathological data revealed the presence of various health stressors, particularly among subadults, reflecting challenging living conditions and nutritional deficiencies. Stable isotope analysis indicated a consistent consumption of C4 plants, aligning with historical sources, and highlighted a remarkable disparity in the consumption of protein‐rich foods between the adult and subadult individuals (especially those between 5 and 9 years of age). When compared to previously published data for Langobard individuals from northern Italy, this dietary disparity becomes more evident, especially for the subadults—a clear indication of sociocultural inequality in terms of access to resources between the existing local subadult population and the new Langobard invaders. This study is particularly significant as previous research in northern Italy during this period has predominantly focused on the Langobards, with little attention paid to the local populations coexisting with them. Our findings therefore contribute to a broader understanding of the dietary habits and social dynamics of the local Roman population in Italy in the Early Middle Ages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".