Facile Synthesis of a Carbon Nano Dot‐Based Wearable Flexible Thermoelectric Device
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A facile method of synthesizing flexible thin films of carbon nano dots (CNDs) and Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) on cellulose based substrates is developed and their thermoelectric properties are demonstrated through the fabrication of a wearable device. Alongside enhanced thermoelectric performance, the CND thin films are biocompatible, low cost and scalable, all essential criteria for wearable thermoelectric devices. A critical window of the CND loading concentration on the cellulose‐based substrate is observed, with significantly enhanced Seebeck coefficient and Power Factor of thin films, demonstrating that the trade‐off principles for thermoelectric materials must be carefully tuned. The highest Seebeck coefficient of –358.45 µV·K−1, power factor of 0.03 µW·m−1·K−2 and the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.086 W·m−1·K−1 at room temperature is achieved with a CND loading concentration of 9.32 g cm−2. A wearable thermoelectric device is fabricated using n‐type CND films with copper electrodes. When worn, the device can generate voltage and current of ≈70 mV and ≈15 nA, respectively, at ΔT of 10 K.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".