Singular-value Gain Compensation: Robust and efficient GPR preprocessing method enhancing zero-shot underground object segmentation by Segment-Anything Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper introduces Singular-value Gain Compensation (SGC), a robust preprocessing method for Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) that integrates Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Time Gain Compensation (TGC). SGC effectively enhances the signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining weak signal integrity, facilitating the application of pretrained zero-shot segmentation models. Through extensive evaluations using simulated and real-world data, SGC demonstrates superior performance in image quality and segmentation accuracy compared to traditional methods, showing the improvements of +3.1 dB in PSNR and 23% in segmentation’s IoU in complex simulated scenerios. It also shows 20% and 14% improvements in pipe and void segmentations on real-world data. Additionally, SGC is computationally efficient, reducing both time and memory requirements, making it practical for large-scale infrastructure assessments. The method’s efficacy in enhancing GPR image analysis without extensive computational resources marks a significant advancement in ground penetrating radar preprocessing and provide more possibilities for future research in the downstream tasks combining with recent deep learning models.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".