The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): synergy with HWO & protoplanet detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE) is a proposed space mission that enables the spectral characterization of the thermal emission of exoplanets in the solar neighborhood. The mission is designed to search for global atmospheric biosignatures on dozens of temperate terrestrial exoplanets and it will investigate the diversity of other worlds, following in the footsteps of the current and next-generation exoplanet space missions, JWST, TESS, CHEOPS, Ariel, and PLATO. Here, we will present an update on the latest concept and science case developments of the LIFE collaboration, focusing on the recent publications Alei et al. (2024) and Cesario et al. (2024). Combined observations in the UV/VIS/NIR+MIR observations with HWO + LIFE would provide synergistic constraints on temperate terrestrial exoplanets, including the atmospheric thermal profile to ~10 K uncertainty, and decisively constrain atmospheric abundances of CO2, H2O, O2, and O3, and weakly constrain CO and CH4 (Alei et al. 2024). Exploration of young planetary systems in nearby young stellar associations with the LIFE mission will enable the rapid (~min to hr) detection of terrestrial protoplanets in their magma ocean phase, both for M and G dwarfs, which would enable constraints on the transition from primary to secondary atmospheres (Cesario et al. 2024). Characterization of the atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets in time enables constraints on prebiotic chemical environments and the near-surface habitability of young and mature terrestrial exoplanets. References:Alei, E. et al. (2024). Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): XIII. The Value of Combining Thermal Emission and Reflected Light for the Characterization of Earth Twins. Astronomy & Astrophysics 689, A245.Cesario, L. et al. (2024) Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE)-XIV. Finding terrestrial protoplanets in the galactic neighborhood. Astronomy & Astrophysics 692, A172.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".