Hidden Victims: Exploring Prevalent Factors Contributing to Violent Behaviours Against Homeless Individuals in Durban CBD
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Homelessness remains a pressing social issue worldwide, with individuals experiencing various forms of victimization and marginalization. This qualitative study aimed to explore the pathways into homelessness and experiences of victimization among homeless individuals in Durban CBD, South Africa. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with (n=17) participants and analysed thematically. Five main themes emerged: pathways into homelessness, forms of violent behaviours experienced, factors contributing to victimization, impact of violent behaviours, and access to assistance post-victimization. Participants described childhood adversity, poverty, unemployment, and substance abuse as key pathways into homelessness. They reported experiencing physical and verbal violence from both the public and law enforcement officials, often leading to physical injuries and psychological distress. Factors contributing to victimization included collective punishment, stigma, visibility, and impaired judgment due to substance abuse. Seeking assistance from law enforcement was often futile, with participants reporting discrimination and neglect. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and support systems to address the complex challenges faced by homeless individuals, particularly those from marginalized backgrounds. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders working towards creating a more inclusive and just society for all individuals, regardless of their housing status.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".