Under the paving stones at the Bloordale Beach: <i>Sub-terra urbs nullius</i> and volumetric colonialism in Toronto
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article explores a public art project in Toronto, Canada which imagines an in-land beach in an empty lot slated for development to investigate how capitalist urban redevelopment reproduces settler-colonial futurity. News and social media discourse on the project locates a sense of possibility in the site by characterising its sandy infill as inert, empty volume ripe for reinvention. I use this discourse as a lever into the volumetric dimensions of settler-colonial capitalist urban redevelopment: the project, the development in which it attempts to intervene and the discourse of dense, mixed-use planning within which it is caught up collectively imagine the production of space as contingent on the existence of empty subterranean matter. I task geographies of dispossession with moving beyond planar conceptions of spatial difference to attend to how settler-colonial capitalism necessitates the reproduction of empty space conceived in terms of height and depth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.018 | 0.033 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".