Measurement of the total spin angular momentum <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>〈</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>〉</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> of alkali-metal atoms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is important to evaluate the total spin angular momentum of alkali-metal atoms if the atoms serve as a reservoir of angular momenta. We use an absorption-monitoring technique to measure $\ensuremath{\langle}{F}_{z}\ensuremath{\rangle}$, i.e., the expectation values of the quantization ($z$) axis components of the total angular momentum of Cs atoms in the electronic ground state in both uncoated and antirelaxation-coated vacuum cells at room temperature. Cs atoms are polarized via optical pumping and probed using their ${D}_{2}$ transitions. The probe laser frequency is varied across the Doppler-broadened ${D}_{2}$ transition; the $\ensuremath{\langle}{F}_{z}\ensuremath{\rangle}$ values are derived using the integrated absorption coefficients. The largest $\ensuremath{\langle}{F}_{z}\ensuremath{\rangle}$ is 2.5 for the coated cell. We then use a simple model of spin flow through vapor cells to estimate the atomic spin relaxation probabilities after a single surface collision.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".