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Record W4408510389 · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2025.02.016

The evolving neurobiology of early-life stress

2025· review· en· W4408510389 on OpenAlexfundno aff
Matthew T. Birnie, Tallie Z. Baram

Bibliographic record

VenueNeuron · 2025
Typereview
Languageen
FieldNeuroscience
TopicStress Responses and Cortisol
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersNational Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institutes of HealthHewitt FoundationNational Institute of Mental HealthGeorge E. Hewitt Foundation for Medical Research
KeywordsNeurosciencePsychologyStress (linguistics)Philosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Because early-life stress is common and constitutes a strong risk factor for cognitive and mental health disorders, it has been the focus of a multitude of studies in humans and experimental models. Yet, we have an incomplete understanding of what is perceived as stressful by the developing brain, what aspects of stress influence brain maturation, what developmental ages are particularly vulnerable to stress, which molecules mediate the effects of stress on brain operations, and how transient stressful experiences can lead to enduring emotional and cognitive dysfunctions. Here, we discuss these themes, highlight the challenges and progress in resolving them, and propose new concepts and avenues for future research.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.995
Threshold uncertainty score0.795

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.058
GPT teacher head0.341
Teacher spread0.283 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreReview

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations48
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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